Human papilloma virus

1 July 2025

The human papilloma virus (HPV) is located exclusively in the basal layer of the skin, and its reproduction occurs in the upper layers.This disease is characteristic of its chronic form with periodic relapses.

Incubation period and development internships

The virus incubation period is different.This type of virus is characterized by a hidden current.The subclinical form of the course of the disease is characteristic of the appearance of discrete during a simple rash examination that causes the patient's discomfort in the genital area.You can be infected immediately with several varieties of papillomavirus.Under the influence of some factors, the virus is activated and its reproduction begins, and the disease enters the period of clinical manifestations.In 90 % of cases in six months a year, self -cure occurs, in some cases, a chronic recurrent course may occur with a high probability of malignancy (depending on the type of virus).The disease continues in four steps (steps):

Stage 1 (initial) - latent course of papillomavirus infection.The virus is in the body, but does not appear, does not cause transformation in cells.At this stage, it can be identified by PCR analysis;

2 - Clinical signs appear - in the form of skin growth.The virus causes an accelerated division of epidermal cells.At this stage, the virus is detected during PCR, cytology and histology (detected by the presence of hyperkeratosis);

3 - Dysplasia.The structure of the cells (colocytosis) changes - this is visible under a microscope, since the virus DNA begins to interact with DNA cells and causes the development of the integrated and leaf form.For diagnosis, PCR, cytology and histology methods, as well as colposcopy;

Step 4 - Carcinoma.The development of the virus causes cell mutation and the occurrence of malignant cells.Invasive cancer is formed.The diagnosis occurs in all the above methods and in clinical manifestations.

HPV Types

More than one hundred types of HPV are determined to infect the urogetal tract of a person affecting the epithelium of the skin and mucous membranes of the genital organs - 35 species.For all types of HPV, a classification based on manifestation types, rash and other skin manifestations is used.HPV Tipping with a description is like this:

Different types of warts for its appearance, HPV Type 1-5 is responsible;
Subanaria warts (they look like a corn) -1-4 types of HPV.Usually formed in places where grain or compression occurs.In these places, the skin becomes thicker and, by pressuring it, causes unpleasant sensations.Such warts do not pass themselves and need surgical removal.There are two subspecies of plantar warts.A species springs deep into the fabric and hurts a lot, the other type resembles several growths, as if glued to each other - this kind of wart almost does not bring a sense of pain
Flat Warts - 3, 5, 10, 28, 49 types.Most of the time, the palms, the face are impressive.Usually they are found in young people, so this kind of wart is called young.The body usually deals with this infection;
Common warts - 27 types of HPV;
Vulgar warts - Type 2 viruses (as a rule, the body itself deals with this type of virus).It is transmitted to the domestic path;

The spicy warts that affect the vagina, vulva, the genitals, the cervix, the uterine, the anus, the men may be in the head of the penis, in the foreskin skin, their location in the respiratory tract is also found - Types 6, 11, 13, 16,18, 33, 35;
Highly oncogenic risk of HPV, causing a pre -employment condition - 39 of the type;
Founded epidermodysplasia is found.It can be of two types: called HPV 5, 8, 47 - for skin cancer in 9 cases in 10, this virus is in the patient's blood, another type caused by HPV 14, 20, 21, 25 usually causes benign neoplasms;
Papillomatosis laryngeal - type 11 virus. Usually transmitted from mother to child, but it is possible to infect with oral sex.It causes difficulties with the hoarse swallowing and voice, if the amount of papilloma is large, breathing worsens;
Papulez Bowenoid.This species is caused 16, sometimes 18, 31-35, 42, 48, 51-54 with HPV types.Most of the time, male half representatives who have many sexual partners can occur.Externally, these formations look like semicircular growths or flat with a smooth or rough surface, the color is different - from completely light to black.The disease can be in itself, it is a type of neo -info virus.

HPV symptoms and specificities in men, women and children

To overcome the infection in the early stages, human immunity is quite strong.Most of the time, the disease does not develop and a person or suspected of the presence of HPV, as external symptoms may not appear.But after a while (months or years), some signs of HPV infection may occur.Statistics indicate only 5 to 10 % of those with external HPV symptoms (human papillomavirus).The disease continues asymptomatic - most patients have no signs of the disease.By activating the virus, growth of various types that speak of the presence of various types in the body may occur.Location places also speak of the type of virus.For example, papillomas have the shape of smooth stretched growths (threadless warts) that are stuck in the leg, the color may not differ from skin color, but is also pigmented.Balch -shaped growths can appear, soft to the touch of the pink color.

In women, the specificities of the disease course are such that the development of the disease can occur hiddenly, but sometimes causes the formation of genital papillomas.Having been infected with the virus, a woman cannot observe any symptoms until the onset of menopause, at this time the virus can cause the malignant of cells from the mucous membrane of the genital organs.To prevent the development of cervical cancer caused by the presence of HPV, regular examination by the doctor will help.Since this disease may not manifest itself.In children, under the influence of viruses, skin warts, laryngeal papillomatosis (usually in a chronic return form) can develop.Laryngeal papillomatosis causes respiratory problems to asphyxia syndrome.Skin warts are present in 12 % of school -age children, this is the most common dermatological disease in children.

HPV and Pregnancy

HPV in a pregnant woman is not the most dangerous disease for herself and the unborn child.The expectant mother should only be cautious if she has found 6 or 11 of VPV type (causing genital or anal condiles), which, when transmitted to the newborn, may have consequences in the form of respiratory papillomatosis.In the presence of a condition in such quantity or in places that interfere with the expulsion of the fetus, it is possible to prescribe cesarean section, because during common birth, the condyloma can cause the development of bleeding.All other forms of papilloma (nonmatatic lesions) are not illegal to the child and the course of pregnancy.

Diagnosis and for those you need to contact

The following research methods are used to diagnose papillomavirus:

Personal examination of the patient;
blood test;
Colposcopy;
SMEAR-TSYTOLOGY PAPE TEST;
Tissue histology;
PCR is a polymerase chain reaction.This analysis allows not only to learn about the presence of a virus, but also determine its type.But if the analysis is positive, it does not mean that this type of HPV will not go through its own.This analysis also determines all types of papillomaviruses;
urethroscopy;
Biopsy.

If there are no external signs in the form of a rash, the patient has no complaints and the presence of HPV DNA is determined only by analysis - can come from transient viral infection (one person is a carrier).Due to the fact that HPV may be the cause of diseases of different organs, if any, doctors of various directions.In the presence of warts on the skin of the face and body, they turn to a dermatologist.With plantar warts - for a dermatologist or surgeon.With condiles in men - to the urologist (surgeon) for women - for the gynecologist (surgeon).If the conditioning is present in the anus area, you will need to contact a proctologist.If an epidermodiasis of a wart is suspected, then to a dermatologist or oncologist.Papillomatosis laryngeal requires appeal to an otolaryngologist or surgeon, boenoid paper - you need to contact a urologist or venereologist.Differential diagnosis is also necessary with diseases such as micropapillomatosis, vestibular papillomatosis - they, unlike HPV, do not require treatment, because with the similarity of external signs, they are a variant of the anatomical norm.Deciphering the normative values of blood tests will be shown by the absence of HPV.

Treatment

So is it completely treated by HPV or not?Today, not a single antiviral medicine is known that can remove the HPV from the body.Different interferons and other medicines in this series - reduce only existing conditioning, but do not reduce the frequency of new ones.The main method of treatment is papilloma removal.The main removal methods are as follows:

surgical.It is performed under local anesthesia;
Surgical radio.A tumor is cut with a radio wave electrode, the vessels are coagulated.After an anti -saptic dressing, it is done;
laser.This method is without contact and without blood.A crust remains at the site of removal under it, healing occurs.The disadvantage of the method is the high risk of relapse of the disease, a relatively high price and the need to grind the remaining scars;
Electrocoagulation.According to results and effectiveness, it is similar to the two previous ways;
Cryocoagulation.Total removal of papillomas occurs after several sessions.

Although with the help of these methods, external manifestations of the virus are completely removed, this is not considered an absolute disposal of infection, but only relative, since a person is still a virus carrier and after some period of wart can occur again.There is no universal method of inoperative treatment for all categories of patients (men, women and children).Only laser removal can be considered an alternative.But by applying it, there is a risk of malignancy (malignancy) papillomas.After the operation, the patient is prescribed by the infusion of a dose of steroid medicine, which prevents swelling, and antibiotics are also prescribed to prevent wound infection.During therapy, HPV should completely interrupt sex life to a complete cure, as well as perform an examination and, if necessary, treatment, a partner.

Home Treatment and Popular Remedies

In addition to traditional treatment methods, I use others that are officially recognized as medicine and can be performed at home:

Wart processing with salicylic acid.Every day, warts should be treated with an acidic solution (15-20%).This method has a disadvantage - processing must be done for a long time;
Cream processing.They are lubricated with warts three times a week.But when used, it is possible to feel itching, erosion, redness of the skin is possible;
Retinoids in the form of a cream.They process warts for - 12 weeks.Its use is also prohibited during pregnancy;
Injection in the focus of infection once every 7 days, within three to four weeks. Use is prohibited during pregnancy;
Cauterizing warts, papillomas and destroying pathogenic microbes.The wart should be constantly processed within an hour.Then a break is taken for a week and the processing is performed.If Papilloma does not disappear after 14 days, another processing is done and no more than 4 procedures.It is forbidden to use in senis and pediatric warts;

If we talk about treatment with purely folk remedies, the use of Celandine has gained great popularity.Your juice is treated with a wart several times a day.When it gets dark, the dark skin is removed and continued the stains even more until the wart is completely removed.

Disease prevention

The main prevention measures are considered:

compliance with personal hygiene in public places;
Compliance with a healthy lifestyle, maintaining immunity;
A permanent sexual partner, in sex with an unqualified partner - use a condom;
Sufficient intake of vitamins;
Leading sex life not before 18 years, when the cervical mucosa is ripe and can protect itself;
Avoid artificial ending of pregnancy and rough sex;
Over time, treat inflammatory diseases.

During vaccination, some side effects in the form of deterioration, fever, redness of the skin at the place of introduction of the vaccine can sometimes be observed.